{"id":160,"date":"2024-03-01T21:46:40","date_gmt":"2024-03-01T21:46:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/chapter\/artificial-intelligence-homework-exams-and-so-forth\/"},"modified":"2024-08-22T08:45:41","modified_gmt":"2024-08-22T08:45:41","slug":"artificial-intelligence-homework-exams-and-so-forth","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/chapter\/artificial-intelligence-homework-exams-and-so-forth\/","title":{"raw":"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u8003\u8bd5\u7b49","rendered":"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u8003\u8bd5\u7b49"},"content":{"raw":"<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u652f\u6301\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u5927\u653e\u5f02\u5f69\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u95e8\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0cAI\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u7ba1\u7406\u8003\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_159\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"336\"]<img class=\" wp-image-158\" src=\"http:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-exam-test-300x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"112\" \/> \u7531Sean MacEntee\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u201c\u8003\u8bd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u201d\u5728CC BY 2.0\u4e0b\u6388\u6743\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6b64\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95ee <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse\">https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse<\/a>\u3002[\/caption]\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u622a\u81f32022\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6559\u5e08\u7ba1\u7406\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6587\u672c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1a\u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u76d1\u8003<\/strong>\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u8003\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002COVID-19\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u591a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u76d1\u8003\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u80fd\u4fb5\u72af\u9690\u79c1\u3001\u5bfc\u81f4\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73<sup>1,2<\/sup>\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6284\u88ad\u3002\u5728\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4f5c\u6587\u4e0e\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u6284\u88ad\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u662fAI\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5de5\u5177\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6284\u88ad\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.turnitin.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.turnitin.com\/\">Turnitin<\/a>\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5236\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u6b64\u4e8b\u9879\u4e0a\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e94\u7528\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Moodle<sup>3<\/sup>\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f5c\u4e1a\u81f3\u5c11\u9075\u5faa\u4e09\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u539f\u5219<sup>4<\/sup>\uff1a<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Summative_assessment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Summative_assessment\">\u603b\u7ed3\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30<\/a>\uff1a\u6210\u7ee9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff1b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6559\u5e08\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5bb6\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8282\u594f\u5b66\u4e60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u538b\u529b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u6574\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u5927\u7eb2\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u6df1\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0b\u5468\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u9700\u8981\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u8001\u5e08\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec3\u4e60\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1b\u800c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u751f\u4ed8\u51fa\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u5343\u5dee\u4e07\u522b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u505a\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_159\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-159\" src=\"http:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-homework-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/> \u7531peapodsquadmom\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u201c\u4f5c\u4e1a \u4f5c\u4e1a \u4f5c\u4e1a\u201d\u5728CC BY 2.0\u4e0b\u6388\u6743\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6b64\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95ee<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse\"> https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse<\/a>\u3002[\/caption]\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u679c\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent\">AI\u80fd\u591f\u63ed\u9732\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff1a<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u50cf<a href=\"https:\/\/photomath.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/photomath.com\">Photomath <\/a>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u62cd\u4e0b\u7b49\u5f0f\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u89e3\u7b54\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u540c\u6837\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86 ChatGPT \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u6210\u5f0f AI \u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u9898\u76ee\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.deepl.com\/translator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.deepl.com\/translator\">Deepl<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/\">Google Translate<\/a>\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u505a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u65f6\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u5de5\u5177\u6b63\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 AI \u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6b3a\u9a97\u8001\u5e08\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u65b0\u6587\u7ae0\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u5347\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u6fc0\u52b1\u5b9e\u8df5\u793e\u533a\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u9886\u57df\u4f5c\u5f0a\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u68cb\u7c7b\u6e38\u620f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u667a\u529b\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6709\u7740\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<sup>5<\/sup>\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u6821\u5c06\u68cb\u7c7b\u6e38\u620f\u5f15\u5165\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u68cb\u548c\u73a9\u5176\u4ed6\u6e38\u620f\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u7528\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6240\u6709\u5e74\u9f84\u6bb5\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u5021\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u6865\u724c\u6e38\u620f\u8fdb\u884c\u6559\u80b2<sup>6<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent\">\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u30021997\u5e74\uff0cGary Kasparov\u88abDeep Blue7<sup>7<\/sup>\u51fb\u8d25\u30022016\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaZero\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaZero\">Alphazero<\/a>\u4ee5\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5148\u8fdb\u7684AI\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cAI\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u53d8\u5f97\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u30021997\u5e74\uff0cAI\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u573a\u4eba\u7c7b\u68cb\u5c40\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff1b\u4f46\u5230\u4e862016\u5e74\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\uff0c\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u68cb\u76d8\u6e38\u620f\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent\">2022\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u56e0\u4f17\u591a\u6709\u5173\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u800c\u663e\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5f15\u4eba\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5728Covid-19\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u6bd4\u8d5b\u90fd\u5728\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5b58\u5728\u4f5c\u5f0a\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u4f5c\u5f0a\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u3002\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u77e5\u9053AI\u6240\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8d70\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u662f\u5426\u4f5c\u5f0a\uff1f\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u5bf9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u4e0eAI\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aAI\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u68cb\u529b\u8fdc\u80dc\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4eba\u4eec\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4f4d\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u4e0eAI\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u5f0a\u4e86\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a8\u7406\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u7ee9\u5e73\u5e73\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7a81\u7136\u5728\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4f18\u5f02\u6210\u7ee9\u65f6\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u8981\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u7981\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u4f5c\u5f0a<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u4e0a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfe\u5802\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u73a9\u5bb6\uff08\u6216\u662f\u5b66\u751f\uff09\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528AI\u8f6f\u4ef6\u800c\u975e\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>AI\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528<\/li>\r\n \t<li>AI\u8f6f\u4ef6\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f18\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u667a\u529b<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u68cb\u624b\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0cAI\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u5f88\u96be\u62b5\u6321\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u8001\u5e08\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8868\u73b0\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u501f\u52a9\u5de5\u5177\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0AI\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u786e\u3002\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent\">\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u2014\u2014<strong>\u8fd9\u7b97\u4f5c\u5f0a\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u52a1\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u628a\u4e00\u8fb9\u7684\u7816\u5934\u642c\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u8fb9\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u63a8\u8f66\uff0c\u4f46\u624b\u63a8\u8f66\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u800c\u4e14\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u6ca1\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u3002\u867d\u7136\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\u8bf4\u4e0d\u8bb8\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4e0d\u5c31\u80fd\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u6559\u5e08\u53c2\u4e0e<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u6b63\u5728\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u76ee\u524d\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u60f3\u8bf4\u670d\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u627e\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u533a\u5206\u8bfe\u5802\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u53d7\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5728AI\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent\"><a href=\"https:\/\/substack.com\/profile\/19265909-arvind-narayanan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/substack.com\/profile\/19265909-arvind-narayanan\">\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d<\/a>\uff0cArvind Narayanan\u7528\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5e38\u8bc6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6559\u5e08\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u751a\u81f3\u6d88\u9664\u4f5c\u5f0a\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>1<\/sup>\u00a0Brown 2020; Brown L. X. Z. (2020),\u00a0<em>How automated test proctoring software discriminates against disabled students<\/em>, Center for Democracy &amp; Technology, available at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cdt.org\/insights\/how-automated-test-proctoring-software-discriminates-against-disabled-students\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/cdt.org\/insights\/how-automated-test-proctoring-software-discriminates-against-disabled-students\/\">https:\/\/cdt.org\/insights\/how-automated-test-proctoring-software-discriminates-against-disabled-students\/<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0Conijn R. et al. (2022),<em>\u00a0The fear of big brother: the potential negative side-effects of proctored exams<\/em>, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, pp. 1-14, available at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12651\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12651<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0Moodle is an open and collaborative project. Many extensions and plug-ins have been built and are shared to help teachers with grading. You can start your search here:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/edwiser.org\/blog\/grading-in-moodle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/edwiser.org\/blog\/grading-in-moodle\/\">https:\/\/edwiser.org\/blog\/grading-in-moodle\/<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>4<\/sup>\u00a0There are a lot of positions about homework to be read on the internet. Some in favour, some against. Furthermore, the different European countries may have different rules concerning these questions. One interesting, but US based, discussion can be found here:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.procon.org\/headlines\/homework-pros-cons-procon-org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.procon.org\/headlines\/homework-pros-cons-procon-org\/\">https:\/\/www.procon.org\/headlines\/homework-pros-cons-procon-org\/<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>5<\/sup>\u00a0The FIDE is the body in charge of chess worldwide. It has specialists working on the issue of chess in education:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/edu.fide.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/edu.fide.com\/\">https:\/\/edu.fide.com\/.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>6<\/sup>\u00a0Nukkai is a French AI company whose AI software Nook has beaten, in March 2022, teams of world champions at Bridge. They are also working on a version of Bridge which can teach logics to children.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nukk.ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/nukk.ai\/\">https:\/\/nukk.ai\/.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>7<\/sup>\u00a0There are many references covering the story of Deep Blue\u2019s victory over Gary Kasparov. IBM\u2019s view is obviously biased but worth reading as IBM will insist on the\u00a0<strong>computer<\/strong>\u00a0winning rather than the algorithm.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/ibm\/history\/ibm100\/us\/en\/icons\/deepblue\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/ibm\/history\/ibm100\/us\/en\/icons\/deepblue\/\">https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/ibm\/history\/ibm100\/us\/en\/icons\/deepblue\/.<\/a><\/p>","rendered":"<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u652f\u6301\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u5927\u653e\u5f02\u5f69\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u95e8\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0cAI\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u7ba1\u7406\u8003\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_159\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-159\" style=\"width: 336px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-158\" src=\"http:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-exam-test-300x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-exam-test-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-exam-test-65x22.png 65w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-exam-test-225x75.png 225w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-exam-test-350x117.png 350w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-exam-test.png 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-159\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u7531Sean MacEntee\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u201c\u8003\u8bd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u201d\u5728CC BY 2.0\u4e0b\u6388\u6743\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6b64\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95ee <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse\">https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u622a\u81f32022\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6559\u5e08\u7ba1\u7406\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6587\u672c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/li>\n<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1a\u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u76d1\u8003<\/strong>\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u8003\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002COVID-19\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u591a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u76d1\u8003\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u80fd\u4fb5\u72af\u9690\u79c1\u3001\u5bfc\u81f4\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73<sup>1,2<\/sup>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6284\u88ad\u3002\u5728\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4f5c\u6587\u4e0e\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u6284\u88ad\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u662fAI\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5de5\u5177\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6284\u88ad\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.turnitin.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.turnitin.com\/\">Turnitin<\/a>\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5236\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u6b64\u4e8b\u9879\u4e0a\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e94\u7528\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Moodle<sup>3<\/sup>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f5c\u4e1a\u81f3\u5c11\u9075\u5faa\u4e09\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u539f\u5219<sup>4<\/sup>\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Summative_assessment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Summative_assessment\">\u603b\u7ed3\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30<\/a>\uff1a\u6210\u7ee9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff1b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6559\u5e08\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5bb6\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8282\u594f\u5b66\u4e60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u538b\u529b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u6574\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u5927\u7eb2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u6df1\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0b\u5468\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u9700\u8981\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u8001\u5e08\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec3\u4e60\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1b\u800c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u751f\u4ed8\u51fa\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u5343\u5dee\u4e07\u522b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u505a\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_159\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-159\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-159\" src=\"http:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-homework-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-homework-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-homework-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-homework-225x169.jpg 225w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-homework-350x263.jpg 350w, https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2024\/03\/ch7-page-2-homework.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-159\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u7531peapodsquadmom\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u201c\u4f5c\u4e1a \u4f5c\u4e1a \u4f5c\u4e1a\u201d\u5728CC BY 2.0\u4e0b\u6388\u6743\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6b64\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95ee<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse\"> https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/?ref=openverse<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u679c\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"indent\">AI\u80fd\u591f\u63ed\u9732\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u50cf<a href=\"https:\/\/photomath.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/photomath.com\">Photomath <\/a>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u62cd\u4e0b\u7b49\u5f0f\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u89e3\u7b54\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u540c\u6837\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86 ChatGPT \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u6210\u5f0f AI \u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u9898\u76ee\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.deepl.com\/translator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.deepl.com\/translator\">Deepl<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/\">Google Translate<\/a>\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u505a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u65f6\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u5de5\u5177\u6b63\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 AI \u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6b3a\u9a97\u8001\u5e08\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u65b0\u6587\u7ae0\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u5347\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u6fc0\u52b1\u5b9e\u8df5\u793e\u533a\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u9886\u57df\u4f5c\u5f0a\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb<\/h3>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u68cb\u7c7b\u6e38\u620f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u667a\u529b\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6709\u7740\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<sup>5<\/sup>\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u6821\u5c06\u68cb\u7c7b\u6e38\u620f\u5f15\u5165\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u68cb\u548c\u73a9\u5176\u4ed6\u6e38\u620f\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u7528\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6240\u6709\u5e74\u9f84\u6bb5\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u5021\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u6865\u724c\u6e38\u620f\u8fdb\u884c\u6559\u80b2<sup>6<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"indent\">\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u30021997\u5e74\uff0cGary Kasparov\u88abDeep Blue7<sup>7<\/sup>\u51fb\u8d25\u30022016\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaZero\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaZero\">Alphazero<\/a>\u4ee5\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5148\u8fdb\u7684AI\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cAI\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u53d8\u5f97\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u30021997\u5e74\uff0cAI\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u573a\u4eba\u7c7b\u68cb\u5c40\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff1b\u4f46\u5230\u4e862016\u5e74\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\uff0c\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u68cb\u76d8\u6e38\u620f\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"indent\">2022\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u56e0\u4f17\u591a\u6709\u5173\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u800c\u663e\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5f15\u4eba\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5728Covid-19\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u6bd4\u8d5b\u90fd\u5728\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5b58\u5728\u4f5c\u5f0a\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u4f5c\u5f0a\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u3002\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u77e5\u9053AI\u6240\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8d70\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u662f\u5426\u4f5c\u5f0a\uff1f\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u5bf9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u4e0eAI\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aAI\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u68cb\u529b\u8fdc\u80dc\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4eba\u4eec\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4f4d\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u4e0eAI\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u5f0a\u4e86\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a8\u7406\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u7ee9\u5e73\u5e73\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7a81\u7136\u5728\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4f18\u5f02\u6210\u7ee9\u65f6\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u8981\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u7981\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u4f5c\u5f0a<\/h3>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u4e0a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfe\u5802\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u73a9\u5bb6\uff08\u6216\u662f\u5b66\u751f\uff09\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528AI\u8f6f\u4ef6\u800c\u975e\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>AI\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528<\/li>\n<li>AI\u8f6f\u4ef6\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f18\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u667a\u529b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u68cb\u624b\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0cAI\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u5f88\u96be\u62b5\u6321\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u8001\u5e08\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8868\u73b0\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u501f\u52a9\u5de5\u5177\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0AI\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u786e\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"indent\">\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u2014\u2014<strong>\u8fd9\u7b97\u4f5c\u5f0a\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u52a1\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u628a\u4e00\u8fb9\u7684\u7816\u5934\u642c\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u8fb9\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u63a8\u8f66\uff0c\u4f46\u624b\u63a8\u8f66\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u800c\u4e14\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u6ca1\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u3002\u867d\u7136\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\u8bf4\u4e0d\u8bb8\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4e0d\u5c31\u80fd\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u6559\u5e08\u53c2\u4e0e<\/h3>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u6b63\u5728\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u76ee\u524d\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u60f3\u8bf4\u670d\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u627e\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u533a\u5206\u8bfe\u5802\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u53d7\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5728AI\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p class=\"indent\"><a href=\"https:\/\/substack.com\/profile\/19265909-arvind-narayanan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/substack.com\/profile\/19265909-arvind-narayanan\">\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d<\/a>\uff0cArvind Narayanan\u7528\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5e38\u8bc6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6559\u5e08\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u751a\u81f3\u6d88\u9664\u4f5c\u5f0a\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>1<\/sup>\u00a0Brown 2020; Brown L. X. Z. (2020),\u00a0<em>How automated test proctoring software discriminates against disabled students<\/em>, Center for Democracy &amp; Technology, available at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cdt.org\/insights\/how-automated-test-proctoring-software-discriminates-against-disabled-students\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/cdt.org\/insights\/how-automated-test-proctoring-software-discriminates-against-disabled-students\/\">https:\/\/cdt.org\/insights\/how-automated-test-proctoring-software-discriminates-against-disabled-students\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0Conijn R. et al. (2022),<em>\u00a0The fear of big brother: the potential negative side-effects of proctored exams<\/em>, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, pp. 1-14, available at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12651\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12651<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0Moodle is an open and collaborative project. Many extensions and plug-ins have been built and are shared to help teachers with grading. You can start your search here:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/edwiser.org\/blog\/grading-in-moodle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/edwiser.org\/blog\/grading-in-moodle\/\">https:\/\/edwiser.org\/blog\/grading-in-moodle\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>4<\/sup>\u00a0There are a lot of positions about homework to be read on the internet. Some in favour, some against. Furthermore, the different European countries may have different rules concerning these questions. One interesting, but US based, discussion can be found here:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.procon.org\/headlines\/homework-pros-cons-procon-org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.procon.org\/headlines\/homework-pros-cons-procon-org\/\">https:\/\/www.procon.org\/headlines\/homework-pros-cons-procon-org\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>5<\/sup>\u00a0The FIDE is the body in charge of chess worldwide. It has specialists working on the issue of chess in education:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/edu.fide.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/edu.fide.com\/\">https:\/\/edu.fide.com\/.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>6<\/sup>\u00a0Nukkai is a French AI company whose AI software Nook has beaten, in March 2022, teams of world champions at Bridge. They are also working on a version of Bridge which can teach logics to children.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nukk.ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/nukk.ai\/\">https:\/\/nukk.ai\/.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\"><sup>7<\/sup>\u00a0There are many references covering the story of Deep Blue\u2019s victory over Gary Kasparov. IBM\u2019s view is obviously biased but worth reading as IBM will insist on the\u00a0<strong>computer<\/strong>\u00a0winning rather than the algorithm.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/ibm\/history\/ibm100\/us\/en\/icons\/deepblue\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/ibm\/history\/ibm100\/us\/en\/icons\/deepblue\/\">https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/ibm\/history\/ibm100\/us\/en\/icons\/deepblue\/.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"part":155,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/160"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":422,"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/160\/revisions\/422"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/155"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/160\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=160"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=160"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiopentext.itd.cnr.it\/chinesegpt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}